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Organic Chemistry

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Test For Hydroxyl Group

a) Test for Hydroxyl group (alcoholic and phenolic): Alcohol is treated as a neutral compound, and they are soluble in water or dioxane.

  • Sodium test:

  • Ceric ammonium nitrate test: For alcohol less than ten carbon, this test is a useful test.  

The following tests are for a phenolic compound.

  • Neutral FeCl3 test: phenols on reaction with neutral ferric chloride solution, they form coloured complexes of violet, red, blue or green colour. This is due to the enolic group (=C-OH).
  • Bromine water test:

  • Ceric ammonium nitrate test:             
  • Liebermann’s test: Small amount of compound is fused with NaNO2 in a test tube, then cool the test tube and add H2SO4. A deep green colour is found, and when poured in excess of water, green colour changes to red. Finally, a little NaOH solution is added in aq. The solution, the deep blue coloured, is seen in the solution.

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