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Organic Chemistry

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Chemical Properties of Alkanes

Halogenation

Alkanes react with halogen in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light that forms haloalkane. This process is termed as Halogenation.

Oxidation of Alkanes

Alkanes are oxidized to carbon dioxide and water.

Pyrolysis

Higher alkanes are heated on higher temperatures to reduce it into lower alkanes.

Aromatization

Higher alkanes are having six or more carbon atoms when heated at 773 K, and 10-15 atm pressure in the presence of vanadium oxide, molybdenum oxide, or chromium oxide over alumina get cyclized to benzene and its derivatives. This reaction is called Aromatization.

Free rotation about the C-C bond axis results in a different arrangement of atoms in space called conformers. This phenomenon is called conformation isomerism. The various bond length and bond angles remain the same in conformers. Infinite no. of conformers of a molecule exist, two of them are defined as eclipsed and staggered.

Note: For conformation, there should be a sigma bond present in the molecule.

The conformational stereoisomerism is represented by Newman Projection and Sawhorse projection.

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