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Types of IP Addresses

The IP addresses are divided into three types.

1. Unicast IP addresses – As uni direction-ally. Used for one-to-one communication. .

Here is an below example:

In above picture example, can see that the computer or host wants to communicate with the server. It uses the IP address of the server – 192.168.5.2

2. Multicast: IP addresses – Used as One -To - Many communication. Routers forward copies of the packet to every interface. Only hosts that need to receive the message will process the packets. All other hosts on the LAN will discard them. Here is an example:

1.Uni-cast

2. Broadcast

3. Multi-caste

Above Example R1 – Router 1 sent a multicast packet destined for 224.0.0.9. R2 will receive the packet and read it. All other hosts on the LAN will discard the packet as ignored.

3. Broadcast IP Addresses – Used to send data all possible destinations or everyone. As example, for the network 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 the broadcast address as 192.168.0.255. The IP address of all from Router 1 (255.255.255.255) can be used for local broadcast. Here’s an example:


R1-Router wants to communicate with all hosts on network and sent a broadcast packet to the broadcast address as of 192.168.30.255. All hosts will receive and process the packet.

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