A hybrid framework is a combination of different frameworks. Here we see how to create a framework with the combination of a Data-driven and Keyword-driven approach with the help of WebDriver and TestNG libraries.
There are various steps to create a basic hybrid framework are listed below:
Some other utilities can be added into our framework, and the same will be discussed in the latter part of this series.
Let us understand the implementation part of the steps mentioned above:
Add the Excel Reading class to read the excel data:
As we have discussed in previous topics, that excel utility class can be created by using the Apache-Poi library. We need to import the Apache-Poi libraries in our pom.xml file.
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poigroupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxmlartifactId>
<version>3.12version>
dependency>
We can check the latest version of the same in the maven repository.
Now let us create an excel file that contains the username and password of two different users. Let us see the content of excel file below:
|
Test |
Keyword |
Object |
ObjectType |
Value |
|
Login |
|
|
|
|
|
|
OPENURL |
|
|
url |
|
|
ENTERTEXT |
userid |
XPATH |
user1 |
|
|
ENTERTEXT |
password |
XPATH |
password1 |
|
|
CLICK |
btnLogin |
XPATH |
|
We can save this file as testData.xlsx and keep it in an accessible file location as we need to pass the file path of this file to read the excel for our data provider.
Let us write see the sample code to read from the Excel. This class is named as “ExcelReading” class:
package TestSuite;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class ExcelReader {
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
public Sheet readExcel(String filePath,String fileName,String sheetName) throws IOException{
File file = new File(filePath+"\\"+fileName);
FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
Workbook workbook = null;
String fileExtensionName = fileName.substring(fileName.indexOf("."));
if(fileExtensionName.equals(".xlsx")){
workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
}
else if(fileExtensionName.equals(".xls")){
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
}
//Read sheet inside the workbook by its name
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetName);
return sheet;
}
}
BaseActions Class:
BaseActions class keeps the logic to perform a the actions which are supplied from the keyword data of the excel file. Let us see the BaseActions class.
package TestSuite;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
public class BaseActions {
WebDriver driver;
public BaseActions(WebDriver driver){
this.driver = driver;
}
public void perform(Properties p,String operation,String objectName,String objectType,String value) throws Exception{
System.out.println("");
switch (operation.toUpperCase()) {
case "CLICK":
//Click action on element
driver.findElement(this.getObject(p,objectName,objectType)).click();
break;
case "ENTERTEXT":
//Enter the text on text boxes
driver.findElement(this.getObject(p,objectName,objectType)).sendKeys(value);
break;
case "OPENURL":
//Open the application url.
driver.get(p.getProperty(value));
break;
case "GETTEXT":
//Get the text from an element
driver.findElement(this.getObject(p,objectName,objectType)).getText();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
private By getObject(Properties p,String objectName,String objectType) throws Exception{
//Find the object with xpath
if(objectType.equalsIgnoreCase("XPATH"))
return By.xpath(p.getProperty(objectName));
}
//Find the object with class
else if(objectType.equalsIgnoreCase("CLASSNAME"))
return By.className(p.getProperty(objectName));
}
//Find the object with name
else if(objectType.equalsIgnoreCase("NAME")){
return By.name(p.getProperty(objectName));
}
//Find the object with css
else if(objectType.equalsIgnoreCase("CSS")){
return By.cssSelector(p.getProperty(objectName));
}
//Find the object with link
else if(objectType.equalsIgnoreCase("LINK")){
return By.linkText(p.getProperty(objectName));
}
//Find the object with partial link
else if(objectType.equalsIgnoreCase("PARTIALLINK")){
return By.partialLinkText(p.getProperty(objectName));
}else
{
throw new Exception("Wrong object type");
}
}
}
ObjectReader Class:
ObjectReader class loads all the object locators and data of a property file. We need to create an ObjectRepo.properties file and keep it in the project directory with below content:
#######---------------Login Page Object----------#########
url=https://selflearning.io/login
userid=//*[@id='admin_login']/div[1]/input
password=//*[@id='admin_login']/div[2]/input
btnLogin=//*[@id="admin_login"]/div[3]/div[2]/input
Let us see the ObjectReader class to load this property file:
package TestSuite;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
public class ObjectReader {
Properties p = new Properties();
public Properties getObjectRepository() throws IOException{
//Read object repository file
InputStream stream = new FileInputStream(new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")+"\\ObjectRepo.Properties"));
//load all objects
p.load(stream);
return p;
}
}
ObjectReader class has a method getObjectRepository, and it returns an object of Properties type. This Properties object contains all the locators and data of the properties file, and this content is used by the BaseActions class to locate the element to perform the relevant actions on the same.
TestNG Class:
Let us create a TestNG class to run the test cases:
package TestSuite;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class TestNGTest {
WebDriver driver;
@Test(dataProvider="crendentialData")
public void testLogin(String testcaseName,String keyword,String objectName,String objectType,String value) throws Exception {
if(testcaseName!=null&&testcaseName.length()!=0){
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",System.getProperty("user.dir"+"/testData.xlsx"));
this.driver= new ChromeDriver();
}
ObjectReader object = new ObjectReader();
Properties allObjects = object.getObjectRepository();
BaseActions operation = new BaseActions(driver);
//Use of perform method to perform actions on UI
operation.perform(allObjects, keyword, objectName,
objectType, value);
}
@DataProvider(name="crendentialData")
public Object[][] getDataFromDataprovider() throws IOException{
Object[][] object = null;
ExcelReader file = new ExcelReader();
//Reading the sheet for keywords and data
Sheet sheet = file.readExcel(System.getProperty("user.dir")+"\\","testData.xlsx" , "TestData");
// Number of rows in excel sheet
int rowCount = sheet.getLastRowNum()-sheet.getFirstRowNum();
object = new Object[rowCount][5];
for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++) {
//Loop to read all the rows
Row row = sheet.getRow(i+1);
//Create a loop to print cell values in a row
for (int j = 0; j < row.getLastCellNum(); j++) {
//Print excel data in console
object[i][j] = row.getCell(j).toString();
}
}
System.out.println("");
return object;
}
@AfterMethod
void cleanup()
{
driver.quit();
}
}
We need to run the TestNGTest class to execute the test scripts part of this automation test suite.
After creating all these classes, we can see the structure of our framework in eclipse looks like this:
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